Philosophy Statement on Adult Education Essay Example for Free

Philosophy Statement on Adult Education Essay For human beings, learning appears to be unstoppable and insatiable. People are always craving, curious and willing to learn new things every time. New information or methodology never fails to excite the curiosity and interest of the people thus inspiring learning attitude and enthusiasm. Even though at adult age or middle age, the rate of learning enthusiasm of the people never declines and sometimes it even increases with every year that passed on someone’ life. This idea is attributed to many factors that includes the psychological and emotional maturity of the person’s perspective towards learning and education, which is characterized by an upsurge in the degree of seriousness and willingness. Some cases are attributed to factors such as financial capabilities or time availability but most of the cases are because of the personal reason within the individual. Thus, adult education is a conventional and constructive approach to the learning process because it based on the humanistic and progressive philosophies of the human being. Adult Education The Corley and Stedman define adult education as â€Å"all forms of schooling and learning programs in which adults participate. Unlike other types of education, adult education is defined by the student population rather than by the content or complexity of a learning program (2005). † Accordingly, it is the learning process and enthusiastic approach of adults to the world of knowledge and information through the use of the schooling methodologies whether formal or informal. There are actually many reasons why an adult wants to participate in the education process. Some adults reasoned out that they want to learn new things and information which are not yet available during their schooling periods thus they want to be updated. Others want to develop or enhance their skills by taking either a masteral or a doctorate degree on their field of career or acquire skills on a new career they wish to embrace. While other, commonly the people who have not yet experienced schooling process or became literate, wants to learn the basic skills which they have not yet learned. Because of different reasons, the adult education programs offered at the present caters to different motives or needs. These programs ranged from categories such as literacy training, community development, university credit programs, on-the-job training and continuing professional education (Corley Stedman, 2005). In addition, due to the surging demand and popularity of the idea of adult education many institutions have already established facilities and programs to accommodate the interested students. Programs vary in organization from casual, incidental learning to formal college credit courses. Institutions offering education to adults include colleges, libraries, museums, social service and government agencies, businesses, and churches (Corley Stedman, 2005). Conclusion Adult education is normal process and something that should not be subjected to discrimination and subjection because learning is a human impulse or need that can be satisfied or fulfilled regardless of age and social status. Age and time should not be a hindrance to the acquisition of skills, information and literacy. Humans regardless of age always have humanistic and progressive philosophical aspects that continuously crave for enhance and learning to aid the development of a person in all aspects. Education whether in form of literacy, practical knowledge or scientific information will help the person realized and fully understand himself or herself and his or her environment thus continuous attainment of knowledge is important and adult education is one means of attaining it.

The Legacy of Russia and the Soviet Union - Authoritarian and Repressiv

The Legacy of Russia and the Soviet Union - Authoritarian and Repressive Traditions that Refuse to Die There circulated such a Soviet political anecdote: The ghost of Nicolas II visited Brezhnev to inquire about the conditions of his Mother Russia, only to be told that nothing had changed since his reign except for that the vodka was now 20 percent instead of 15. Shocked, the dead czar exclaimed: "I lost my head only for that 5 percent difference?" This was, of course, only a humorous exaggeration, a case of political satire. Yet beneath the humor, there lies a very profound testament to the belief that Russia's political culture has been inherited from its czarist days and manifested throughout its subsequent development. The traditions from the pre-Revolution and pre-1921 Russia, it seems, had left its brand on the 70-years of Communist rule. The Soviet communism system was at once a foreign import from Germany and a Russian creation: "on the one hand it is international and a world phenomenon; on the other hand it is national and Russian†¦it was Russian history which determined its limits and shaped its character." (Berdyaev, "Origin") Historically, Russia has always been a country of perplexing dualities. The reality of Dual Russia, the separation of the official culture from that of the common people, persisted after the Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War. The Czarist Russia was at once modernized and backward: St. Petersburg and Moscow stood as the highly developed industrial centers of the country and two of the capitals of Europe, yet the overwhelming majority of the population were subsistent farms who lived on mir; French was the official language and the elites were highly literate, yet 82% of the populati... ...oved to be singularly influential and daunting. This is, perhaps, the greatest obstacles to achieving true democracy in Russia—the authoritarian and repressive traditions that refuse to die out with the passage of time. Works Cited Berdyaev, Nicolas. The Origin of Russian Communism. London: Saunders, 1937. Cohen, Stephen. Rethinking the Soviet Experience. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. Fitzpatrick, Sheila. The Russian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. Hosking, Jeoffery. The First Socialist Society. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1993. Tucker, Robert C. "The Mortal Danger". Course Reader for World Culture: Russia Since 1917. New York University, Spring 2001. Tucker, Robert C. "Stalinism as Revolution from Above". Stalinism. Edited by Robert C. Tucker. New York: American Council of Learned Societies, 1999.

Is 533 Homework 4

IS 533 HOMEWORK 4 BY AHMET CAN AYKUT (1835917) 1. What is meant by a symptom versus a problem? Relate these ideas to the case. (5 points) In the Intelligence Phase of the Decision Making Process, the decision maker, Elena, attempts to determine whether a problem exists, identify its symptoms, determine its magnitude and explicitly define it. What is described as a problem may only be a symptom, or measure, of a problem. In the case, MMS sales are off by 10 percent, which is the main problem.In the intelligence phase, the CEO calls the Board of Directors to search through the procedures in order to state and classify the problem. She consults Directors to reach the main reason for the problem or to find the real problem which the off-sales are symptoms of it. 2. Why is problem ownership so important? (5 points) A problem exists in an organization only if someone or some group takes on the responsibility of attacking it and if the organization has the ability to solve it.The assignment of authority to solve the problem is called problem ownership. When problem ownership is not established, except for professional employees, there will be an uncertainty of who is responsible to solve the problem and role diffusions/shifting, tendency to avoid form responsibility may occur easily. Problem ownership ensures accountability. 3. Even though the problem was not identified at the end of the intelligence phase, what was? (5 points) Effects were identified and problem ownership was established. Effects of the problem: . Rentals did not increase while the total market did. (CMO) 2. Sales are dropping fastest on primary markets. (CFO) 3. Advertising expenditures are up. GMC Spiders should be a hot seller but they are off by 50 percent. All the new cars came on in on schedule and inventory is OK from CLAUDIA. (CEO) 4. Half of the GMC Spiders are rented although some local agencies set the prices 15 percent less. Rentals are down 8 percent nationally on the other classes of ca rs. (COO) Problem Ownerships: COO assumes the ownership of the problem.CIO will look at the underlying structures and parameters of the forecasting models (for weird economic trends or events); CMO will look into the advertising for external events, trends or reports on the cars that could affect the rentals 4. How was the design phase performed in this case? (10 points) Search and Scanning Procedures: 1. The problem statement has not been clearly stated. So the next step is the investigation of symptoms. 2. A collaboration group is formed with analysts from different departments: Operations and Marketing.Data Collection: 3. Databases of Operational and Economic Data were checked by data mining tools; relationships and assumptions in the forecasting models and RMS were verified; artificial neural networks, clustering analysis algorithms and statistical regression models were also benefited. It was noticed that the neural networks outperformed the regression-based systems a bit. 4. A n information system and marketing group was set up to look into how they could improve the regression-based models with neural networks. 5.An e-meeting was held to decide on what they were going to do next and sharing information. Problem Identification: 6. After the meeting OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) software was used to â€Å"slice† multidimensional data. The group noticed a slight inverse relationship with sales and advertising and the followings: a. There is a problem in the distribution. Over half of the cars are in the wrong places. b. GMC Spider was entered to the system as a four-seat compact with two doors. System automatically decides this car ideal for a small family or a single business person.This decision rent well rent in Midwest in the secondary markets but badly in the convention areas where there are men and women who like to rent sporty cars. Problem Statement /Search for Alternatives/Create Models: 7. After further analysis and investigation the real problems and alternatives were stated: a. Data Accuracy Problem–? Profile of the spider should be changed to a sports car from a compact car. b. Inventory Imbalance Problem-? 15 percent of the fleet should be moved to secondary markets. All the Spiders should be moved from secondary to primary markets.Some of minivans and full-size cars should be moved to secondary markets. Secondary market demand should be pushed by adjusting advertisement. c. Advertising Imbalance-? Customer locations should be identified well to determine what to advertise where. d. †Try before you buy† campaign should be campaign should be established in the secondary markets. e. In secondary markets people want full size cars. Company advertising features Spider but not the other types of cars. (Advertise backfire problem)-? Substitutes for the Spider should be discounted. f.Florida theme park demand: Florida theme parks are advertising in Europe because the euro is economically stronger than the dollar. -? Advertising in Europe, either with the theme parks or separately, should be increased. 5. The choice phase seemed like a combination of design, choice, and implementation. Is this a problem? (10 points) Both it is a problem and not. It is not a problem because in intelligence, design and choice steps there are feedback points which are Validation of the model, revision of criteria for choice, evaluation of risk and rating the alternatives; verification, testing of proposed solution.It is a problem because the intricate structure of phases may lengthen the choice phase and cause missing the business opportunities. Organizational responses to solution implementations may be slower so that verification and testing of the solution, the sensitivity analysis and plan for implementation may take some time so that phases may become intricate. Also sub optimization and satisficing are potential threats for decision making. 6. The implementation phase seemed to involve el ements of all the phases. Is this a problem? (10 points)It is not a problem because in case of failure all the remaining 3 phases should be revised until the solution is succeeded. Indeed it is hard to implement a solution successfully at the first trial. Making a decision, carrying out a project requires a plan-do-check cycle to get the best. It is a problem because the intricate structure of phases may lengthen the implementation phase and cause missing the business opportunities and not adapting the business environment. 7. How were new problems or opportunities handled as they arose? 10 points) New problems (Data inaccuracy, Inventory Imbalance, Advertising Imbalance) and new opportunities (Discounting substitutes Florida Theme Park Demand and â€Å"Try Before You Buy† Campaign) were handled by identification, problem ownership and implementation. 8. Why do you suppose some alternatives were either modified or postponed? (10 points) First of all, alternatives should be pr ioritized to decide what to first and which one is more/less important than the others; there is a sequential relation between the alternatives whether the 3rd alternative cannot be achieved before completing the 2nd.In the Decision Making Process in each phase there may be updates and changes that may affect the alternatives until the solution is succeeded. All alternatives cannot be applied simultaneously. 9. How can computerized DSS support the management at each stage of the Simon's Decision Making Model? In which phase is the major contribution of made? Why? (15 points) Decision Support Systems may comprise one or more of the systems mentioned below, which are beneficial in decision making phases. Let’s consider each phase separately: Intelligence Phase:Web tools and sources are useful for environmental scanning. Web browsers provide OLAP, data mining and data warehouses. Data warehouses continuously monitors internal and external information, looking early signs of prob lems and opportunities through an enterprise information portal (i. e. dashboard). Also web mining, Expert Systems, Management Information Systems, Artificial Neural Networks, Genetic Algorithms and other Automatic Decision Making systems also support this phase by identifying relationships among activities and other factors.Geographical Information Systems can be utilized so that the decision maker can determine opportunities and problems in a spatial sense. CRM systems can identify classes of customers to approach with specific products and services. Knowledge Management Systems can be used to identify similar past situations and how they were handled. Group Support Systems can be used to share information and brain storming. Business Activity Monitoring, Business Process Management and Product Life Cycle Management can also provide decision makers the capability of monitoring the current status of operations.Expert Systems can render advice regarding the nature of the problem, it s classification, seriousness and the like. They can advise on the suitability of a solution approach and the likelihood of successfully solving the problem. OLAP tools are excellent tools for routine and ad-hoc reporting. Design Phase: This phase involves generating alternative courses of action, setting criteria for choices and their relative importance and forecasting the future consequences of using various alternatives. OLAP and data mining software are useful in identifying relationships that can be used in models.CRM, Revenue Management, Enterprise Resource Planning and Supply Chain Management Systems can provide models that can test assumptions and scenarios. GSS and cognitive mapping tools can help identifying important issues and options. Risk analysis can also be carried out in this phase. Choice Phase: DSS can support this phase through what if and goal seeking analyses. Different scenarios can be tested for the selected option to reinforce the final decision. KMS can he lp identify similar past experiences.CRM, ERP and SCM systems are used to test the impacts of decisions in establishing their value. ES can be used to assess the desirability of certain solutions and recommend an appropriate solution. GSS can support to lead to consensus in a group decision. Implementation Phase: DSS can be used in implementation activities like decision communication, explanation and justification. BAM, BPM, PLM, KMS, CRM, SCM, ERP and EIS are useful in tracking how well an implementation is working. GSS is useful for team collaboration for implementation effectiveness.ES’ can be used as an advisory system regarding implementation problems. Also they can provide training that may smooth the course of implementation. A CRM Systems can identify classes of customers to get rid of unprofitable customers so that implementation can be focused on profitable customers. Also they report and update internal records, based on the impacts of the implementation so that n ew problems and opportunities can be identified and one or more of the Decision Making Phases can be revisited. In Intelligence phase the major contribution is made. 10.What is the contribution of using Simon's model for rational decision making for the analysis of this case? (20 points) Decision Making is a process that the Decision Maker should know what, why, when, where, how and with whom to start and how to proceed. Defining, categorizing and modeling the steps of decision making and systematically working on them is crucial. Since humans have a limited capacity for rational thinking, we tend to construct and analyze a simplified model of a decision making process. Simon’s model serves as a principal blue print, a basic guide.According to the problem complexity the decision maker can elaborate on the model and improve the phases according to the problem complexity and solution requirements. For example in the design phase normative, descriptive and nonmathematical descri ptive models, scenarios can be benefitted specifically. Simon’s model reminds us that such models may/should be used primarily in the design phase. For example HP developers consider three phases in developing a model (See 2. 1 Opening Vignette: Decision Modeling at HP using Spreadsheets): Problem Framing, Actual Design and Development of the Tools and Handoff.Each of these phases has sub phases like Problem Framing has â€Å"Will analytics solve the problem? †, †Can an existing solution be leveraged? † and â€Å"Is a tool needed? †; Design and Development of the Tools has â€Å"Develop a prototype as quickly as possible†, †Build Inside, not black boxes †, etc. HP is a major manufacturer of computers, printers and industrial products. They formed this model to solve their repeating business problems. Simon’s model can also be adapted to HP’s decision modeling processes but their model is much specific and ready-to-use because of their need for agility.

The New Energy Policy Will Focus On The Sun - 959 Words

The new energy policy will focus on the sun, which is a clean unlimited source of energy. The policy focuses on solar energy, more specifically, utilizing, implementing, and lowering the cost of photovoltaic panels, solar concentration systems, and wind turbines. Producing electricity through solar and wind has a positive effect on the environment and the only hurdle for both is cost. Currently, only 1% of all renewable energy comes from solar energy and 9% comes from wind, which is a fraction of what is possible considering the abundant amount of energy we receive from the sun daily. 60% of the budget will be dedicated to solar and the remaining 40% dedicated to wind. Money will go subsidies, programs, and research and development to†¦show more content†¦For wind, its kinetic energy turns rotor blades of the windmill and the rotor turns and shaft connected to a generator. DC output can be stored in battery or converted to AC and fed into a grid. Minimum wind speeds are required to produce electricity and the Midwest and offshore areas provide such conditions (Hinrichs 398). Like most forms of energy, efficient storage is key. Wind is not constant and money would be put towards research and development to find the most efficient way to store wind energy. For solar, photovoltaic cells convert the suns energy directly into electricity. (Hinrchs 375). Photovoltaic cells are made of silicon, which is plentiful. When radiation hits a cell, electrons are knocked free and this photoelectric effect creates a direct current, which is converted to an alternating current (â€Å"Solar Energy†). For solar concentration systems, mirrors are manipulated to redirect the sun’s rays to heat water. The flashing water creates steam and like other energy producing plants, the steam is used to turn a turbine. The mechanical energy is then turned into electrical energy (â€Å"How It Works†). Solar and wind production are not subject to the drastic price swings as you would see with fossil fuels since the source is abundant unlike fossil fuels obtained from foreign sources (â€Å"Benefits of Renewable†). While wind cost 0.04-0.06 cents per kWH, solar cost .25 per kWh to produce

Culture And Identity ( Rough Draft ) Essay - 894 Words

Essay 1: Culture and Identity (Rough Draft) Imagine a life without writing, and without art; it’s pretty grim isn’t it? Without these essential cultural components, life would be a sad place to live in, because no other cultural aspect would survive. The most essential cultural elements are Art and Literature, because art and literature lead into the other cultural aspects. Without arts and literature, you couldn’t have the rest of the cultural elements. Culture manifested itself with the aid of art and literature, without the help of writing or art, cultural unity would be impossible. A good example of a culture without writing and art would be the early humans; their culture did not carry along, and one tribe would be completely different than the other, and they couldn’t even speak to express their ideas. It wasn’t until early humans began to draw cave art that ideas could be expressed, and then culture grew and evolved and spread into government’s and civilizations and certain ways of doing things, as well as religion and any of the other cultural elements. That’s why art and literature are prerequisite to the development of all the other elements of culture. Art and literature are necessary to communicate and spread the rest of the cultural elements. Civilization is the backbone of culture, and you need art and l iterature to connect a civilization. Art is important to culture and our society. Society is culture, or more accurately, society is the people who make up aShow MoreRelatedI Am Confident For My Writing1118 Words   |  5 Pagesstronger theses and by knowing why rough drafts are important to writing. Nevertheless, I still need to develop better strategies to manage my writing. I chose my essays, What Influences Teens To Become Adults and Resilience Among College Students, because they demonstrate my growth throughout this class. Even though I still need to improve on managing my writing, I am confident in moving to EWRT 1A because I have learned how to create strong theses, and how rough drafts have a great impact on my writingRead MoreI Am From Saudi Arabia And My Native Language Essay1524 Words   |  7 Pagesthem was identity analysis which I bet was pretty risky and fundamental assignment. Nevertheless, it is hard to write this assignment with no critical thinking skills. We were not born talented for this skill. Thus, there were many steps we have to reach to get to the point of critical thinking, and these steps include practicing very hard and evaluating myself to see if I have got the skills yet. For instance, this assignment was about my identity and many of us don’t know what our identities are. ThroughRead MoreMy Writing Is Easy Isn t Doing It Right985 Words   |  4 Pagesclass. I couldn’t be sure if my work was satisfactory without receiving the much appreciated constructive criticism from my professor. Dr. Szlyk’s response email to my essay read â€Å"Nicely done, Che. I like how you expanded your paper from the rough draft to the final one, adding in quotes, stories, and details from your mother†¦ Keep working on eliminating run-ons and fragments. Watch parallel structure, too† I have since been more cautious of the aforementioned grammatical errors. Reflecting onRead MoreMy First Day Of Class Essay1481 Words   |  6 Pagesobstacle I faced in adapting to a new academic culture. In the rough draft, I followed the instructions carefully to touch every aspect of the assignment and write a perfect essay. One of the major learning outcomes for this class is revising and editing the writing pieces. Upon receiving the feedback from professor Poltrack and my peer, I learned that I did not address a major figure from my past who influenced me to become a better writer. In the final draft of my narrative, I incorporated ProfessorRead MoreIdentity Essay1071 Words   |  5 PagesRough Draft Identity is what defines us as a person. Everyone one on earth has their own unique identity. To showcase my identity, I created a collage of images and descriptive words, called an identi-kit. This identi-kit shows what I feel like is my identity to myself and the others. My identi-kit identifies me as a mixed martial artist. The identi-kit has images of a deadly shark with mixed martial arts gloves on that say mixed martial arts on the front and fight shorts with the words competitorRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Do Not Go Gentle 846 Words   |  4 PagesNam Nguyen English 375 Dr. Guzik. Paper 1 Rough Draft In Alexie â€Å"Do Not Go Gentle,† there is a recurring element of assimilation for the Native Americans. I will be discussing how it is problematic as it shows how the underlying issue of societal pressure towards the Native Americans freedom and liberty as a human being. In the article, â€Å"Italian American Identity: To Be or Not To Be† Michael Parenti focuses on the subject of acculturation and assimilation being formed in the United States. ThisRead MorePaper1263 Words   |  6 PagesAlexander Buzick Expos 355:101 Paper#1 Rough Draft September 18, 2015 Culture Constitutes Live As social animals, human beings find their values and senses of existence in association with others. Therefore, the process of interaction between human beings and their surrounding formed culture. Furthermore, the shaped culture for a long time makes up for people’ s cognizes and tradition. It means, different regions and countries shape different cultures that constitute normal behavior of humanRead MoreAmerica s A Mark For Victory933 Words   |  4 Pagesreacted to being different. In addressing this issue, the United States of America has sailed on the rough waters of diversity for many decades, causing the world to see the â€Å"land of the free† in a completely different light. Within these confines, African Americans and other suspected â€Å"minorities† have either unwillingly embraced the discrimination or revolted against it, creating their own culture, values, and beliefs. During a time when a war of different worlds raged on in the 1940s, Americans Read MoreThe Nsa Had Committed 2776 Violations1698 Words   |  7 PagesMaria Sanchez Professor Thrasher English 100 October 17, 2014 Final Rough Draft In 2012, people discovered that the NSA had committed 2,776 violations to the law. The NSA was mainly spying on other countries while those other countries were spying on the United States.The U.S. government tried to explain why they did those infractions with the excuse that they were unintentional. The court ruled it as unconstitutional. As of now, the United States has collected every single piece of data that hasRead MoreHow The Internet Affects The Human Brain Changes Its Pathways And Alters How It Retains Information?1405 Words   |  6 PagesRough Draft Are you on the connected to the internet every day? If so, your brain’s way of functioning is changing, for better or for worse. After five days of accessing the internet, the human brain changes its pathways and alters how it retains information. When a person uses the internet repeatedly, their brain remembers facts based on where to find the information instead of the actual information. Depending on the age of the person using the internet and how frequently they use it, the brain

Against The Death Penalty Essay - 959 Words

Against the Death Penalty â€Å"Murder is wrong† (â€Å"Capital Punishment†). We’ve been taught this indisputable truth since childhood. The death penalty is defined as one human taking the life of another. Coincidentally, that is a classification of murder. There are as many as thirty-six states with the death penalty, and it’s essential that they change it. The United States needs the death penalty abolished because it is filled with flaws, cruel and immoral, and is an ineffective means of deterrent for crime. I understand why you would want to have the death penalty in effect. You probably think that it will be cheaper to execute people instead of paying taxes for them in jail. There is also a probability that you think that you will†¦show more content†¦Another flaw is it is morally wrong. No matter how people sugar-coat it, murder is murder, in the name of justice or in vengeance it is morally wrong. Everyone deserves to live, no matter thei r circumstances are. Federal states should not be allowed to decide who lives and who dies, especially in a country such as the United States, which prides its self on freedom (â€Å"Top Ten†). Moreover, the death penalty is applied at random (â€Å"Facts†). â€Å"The death penalty is a lethal lottery: of the 15,000 to 17,000 homicides committed every year in the United States, approximately 120 people are sentenced to death, less than 1%† (â€Å"Facts†). Many criminals have committed the same crimes, but few have been sentenced to death for their crimes. In Addition, there is a chance mentally ill citizens could be convicted to death (â€Å"Facts†). According to Amnesty International and the National Association on Mental Illness, One out of every ten persons who has been executed in the United States since 1977 is mentally ill. â€Å"Many mentally ill defendants are unable to participate in their trials in any meaningful way and appear unengaged , cold, and unfeeling before the jury† (â€Å"Facts†). Many mentally ill defendants have been drugged against their will in order for them to be competent enough to be executed (â€Å"Facts†). Some states still haven’t put a ban on executing mentally ill people such as Organ, although the United States Supreme Court has declared thatShow MoreRelatedDeath Penalty : Are You For Or Against The Penalty?1724 Words   |  7 PagesPolanowski Philosophy 1111 21 October 2015 Death Penalty Are you for or against the death penalty? Do you even know what the death penalty is? The Death Penalty is when a person is charged for a crime and receives punishment such as execution, and is put on death row. It has been a back and forth argument over decades on rather or not we should instill the death penalty. A common belief among people is, if someone commits murder, then they need to be put on death row, but if someone commits a crime forRead MoreA Argument Against The Death Penalty1647 Words   |  7 Pagespunishable by death or life imprisonment without the possibility of parole when specific â€Å"Special Circumstances† of the crime have been charged or been proven in court. It is possible though to be released by the parole board after a minimum of 25 years if they feel you are worthy. The death penalty is a topic that the United States is divided on. Currently there are 31 states with the death penalty and California is on that list. In 2012 a ballot was prop osed that would appeal the death penalty as theRead MoreEssay on Against the Death Penalty881 Words   |  4 PagesAgainst the Death Penalty The death penalty is one of the most controversial issues in our time. There are many issues that show and prove the death penalty is wrong and reasons why it should be ceased. Many issues have objections towards the death penalty shows that the death penalty is unfair, irreversible and expensive. The Death penalty is an unfair system used as punishment to criminals that performed wrong and unmoral crimes. The death penalty is unfair in the way that is discriminatoryRead MoreArgumentative Against Death Penalty1546 Words   |  7 Pages5) The death penalty does not deter criminals from committing violent crimes. The death penalty is a form of cruel and unusual punishment that violates citizen’s Eighth Amendment which has forced the Supreme Court to step in and evaluate this form of punishment. The death penalty has not always been practiced in the United States; however, there have been about 13,000 people who have been legally executed since colonial times. In 1972, the Supreme Court effectively nullified the death penaltyRead More Against the Death Penalty Essay731 Words   |  3 Pagesthe death penalty is the worst of them. I am strongly against the death penalty because it violates God’s rules, costs the tax payers too much money, and possibly the â€Å"wrongly accused,† may have to die because of the cruel and unusual punishment of the death penalty. How often do these concepts get into the public’s mind when it hears of our ‘fair, trusty’ government taking away someone’s breathing rights? Do we honestly want people thinking of us as mu rderers? I am against having the death penaltyRead MoreThe Case Against The Death Penalty773 Words   |  4 PagesCase Against the Death Penalty, which shows up in Crime and Criminals: Opposing Viewpoints, Eric Freedman contends that capital punishment does not discourage fierce crime as well as conflicts with decreasing the crime rate. This essay will analyse Freedman s article from the perspectives of a working man, a needy individual, and a government official. Working man: A working man would in all probability agree with Freedman s point of view with association with the monetary part of the death penaltyRead MoreArgument For And Against The Death Penalty1051 Words   |  5 Pages When arguing for or against a topic, the goal is to convince others to accept you opinion, take your opinion seriously, and you must seek common ground in order to establish some form of compromise. A good communicator must be specific, contestable, significant and reasonable. For this assignment, I will be arguing for and against The Death Penalty. When it comes to a topic such as The Death Penalty, many individuals cannot fathom the idea of putting another human to death because it is not permanentlyRead MoreAgainst the Death Penalty Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pagesnot the death penalty should be used. It continues to be a controversial issue in the world today. Some are for the death penalty, believing that a punishment should fit the crime and it is the only necessary way to reprimand those who have committed a terrible offense. Others believe that the death penalty violates human rights and that it is inhumane, merciless, and cruel. In Kenneth Josts article Death Penalty Controversies, he explains that critics and adversaries of the death penalty are warningRead More Against the Death Penalty Essay1533 Words   |  7 Pages The Death Penalty Human rights are fundamental rights which every human being is entitled to just because they are human. The death penalty is the ultimate, irreversible denial of human rights. It is the cold blooded killing of a human being in the name of ‘justice’. In 1948, the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; in Articles 3 and 5 it states that â€Å"no one shall be subjected to cruel or degrading punishment and everyone has the rightRead MoreAgainst The Death Penalty Essay878 Words   |  4 Pagesoppose the death penalty. Many people can feel very strongly about whether or not they approve of this method of punishment. I feel that the death penalty is wrong, and I believe that there is much support to back this up. I believe that the death penalty is wrong because it is not an effective deterrent, racially and economically bias, unreliable, expensive, and morally wrong of society. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One argument from death penalty supporters is that the death penalty acts as a deterrent

Payment For Environmental Service

Question: Discuss about thePayment For Environmental Service. Answer: Introduction: Laos is a beautiful landlocked country situated in the southeastern part of Asia. It consists of mountain ranges and various rivers drain the land. This country is financially less stable and mainly depends upon the investments made by the foreign organizations. The dams supported by the international organizations are in their turn harming the natural environment of the Laos and affecting the livelihood of the local people. Hence a policy for payment for the environmental service is required to substantiate the losses faced by the local population and at the same time maintain the ecological balance (Nguyen and Tenhunen 2013). Nam Theun 2 Dam has adopted the policy of PES by World Bank and has attained success. The report would portray the importance of the policy, the planning as well as the how the policy will work. Importance of the PES: PES is a policy that helps to provide incentives to the landowners and other stakeholders whose properties are utilized by beneficiaries for various purposes. Local inhabitants of Laos are not financially stable. As a result, they depend on forest resources for the primary reason for their livelihood. The dams maintained by the foreign organizations under permission from the government are destroying the forests and its resources resulting in some associated disadvantages. Construction and maintenance of dams have led to deforestation of a huge number of trees. Degradation of forests has, in turn, resulted in disruption of the water cycle that has changed the rainfall records (Arriagada et al. 2012). Erosion has been another harmful effect resulted from deforestation. Thus, certain policies should be introduced about payment for service for managing the damages and to maintain a stable use and balance of environmental resources (Mayrand and Paquin 2016). This revenue would help in re-establishing the environment and would assist the local people to lead a better life financially and physically. Payment for Environmental Service: Making of a Policy While constructing the policy of the PES certain criteria like the resource stabilization and reviving the balance of the ecological structure have to be kept in mind. The policy should include the correct estimation of the incentives that should be provided to the provider of the service from the buyer (Mahanty, Suich and Tacconi 2016). The forest owners who have leased their lands to the foreign organization should demand the correct fund from the purchaser from which about 0.2 to 5% of the fund would be allotted for the resource reconstruction. The estimation should be apt and justified. For correct calculation, a model should be proposed. Professionals should work with the models and assign the right percentage of the fund to be received by the forest owners, the organization handling the resource construction work and the governmental associations (Wunder 2013). The next concern would involve the control of the misuse of the resources by the suppliers. The extent of their area, the list of activities allowed on the associated land and the overuse of the resources for the increase of their productivity should be controlled and restricted (Kroeger 2013). As a high amount of local inhabitants mainly live by agricultural activities, a certain portion of the profit and income should be assigned to them who could have otherwise used the land on lease for their livelihood. Moreover concerned should be raised about the cost of relocalisation of the poor people, who have been forced to move away from the land, by appointing a certain percentage to involve them in the power plant. A certain group of organization would be assigned with the task of reforestation activities and maintain a report of the revival of the atmospheric output after reforestation. Act should be passed for prevention of cutting of trees without further delay from the authority All the above mentioned proposals should be considered by the governing authority and should be given the designations of laws. These policies should be discussed thoroughly among the governing officials, and the pros and cons should be judged. The laws should be quickly assigned to prevent further degradation of the flora, and complete results are to be ascertained. Process of Working the ESP: Once the entire policy of the Environmental Service Payment gets a green flag by the governing medium after a detailed discussion, implementation of the laws and ethics should be immediately undertaken. The first step would include proper learning of the suppliers and the local inhabitants of the area. Once they get to know about the importance of the exploited resources, the policy makers will conclude the laws and the rules, every of the stakeholders has to follow (Nasi, Wunder and Campos 2016). The displaced local inhabitants would fix an appointment with the authority to claim the monetary aid that is proposed by the law. In the case of the supplier and beneficiary, a complete agreement should be prepared for the fractions of the financial splits that would take place between them (Muradian et al. 2013). They should revise the agreement and then only further planning would be executed. The act of protection of the flora will contain the appoint of an environmentalist team who wou ld govern the damages caused by the activities of the power plant and instruction of the steps to follow. Assessing the damage already caused, they would estimate the fund required for the recovery of the loosened soil and reforestation. This fund should include the manpower as well as the different other expenses associated with the project undertaken. They should also make an estimation of how to achieve the proper amount of funds from the stakeholders and proper duration required for the project. The incentives which would be provided to the suppliers or the forest land owners from the beneficiaries should be critically judged and decided so that neither the suppliers nor the portion reaching the environmentalists become disadvantageous (Leimona et al. 2015). All the pros and cons from every aspect of the laws and acts to be passed would require proper analysis, judgments and approvals from all the stakeholders. Strict punishment should be allotted against any offence for each la ws and proper monitoring should be provided. Conclusion: From assessing the various damages caused by the hydropower projects in Laos and the monetary crisis faced by the locals of Laos, one can certainly ascertain the importance of the introduction of the PES. Implementation of the PES is believed to be helpful for the people of Laos for they can expect a pretty good amount of income from the projects as well as maintain the beautiful picturesque nature of their country as well. References: Arriagada, R.A., Ferraro, P.J., Sills, E.O., Pattanayak, S.K. and Cordero-Sancho, S., 2012. Do payments for environmental services affect forest cover? A farm-level evaluation from Costa Rica.Land Economics,88(2), pp.382-399. Kroeger, T., 2013. The quest for the optimal payment for environmental services program: Ambition meets reality, with useful lessons.Forest policy and economics,37, pp.65-74. Leimona, B., van Noordwijk, M., de Groot, R. and Leemans, R., 2015. Fairly efficient, efficiently fair: Lessons from designing and testing payment schemes for ecosystem services in Asia.Ecosystem Services,12, pp.16-28. Mahanty, S., Suich, H. and Tacconi, L., 2013. Access and benefits in payments for environmental services and implications for REDD+: Lessons from seven PES schemes.Land Use Policy,31, pp.38-47. Mayrand, K. and Paquin, M., 2016. Payments for environmental services: a survey and assessment of current schemes. Muradian, R., Arsel, M., Pellegrini, L., Adaman, F., Aguilar, B., Agarwal, B., Corbera, E., Ezzine de Blas, D., Farley, J., Froger, G. and Garciaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Frapolli, E., 2013. Payments for ecosystem services and the fatal attraction of winà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ win solutions.Conservation letters,6(4), pp.274-279. Nasi, R., Wunder, S. and Campos, J.J., 2016. Forest ecosystem services: can they pay our way out of deforestation?. Nguyen, T.T. and Tenhunen, J., 2013. Linking regional land use and payments for forest hydrological services: A case study of Hoa Binh Reservoir in Vietnam.Land Use Policy,33, pp.130-140.